Set of Codes and Ethics in the Profession Assignment

Set of Codes and Ethics in the Profession - Assignment Example There is also a notion that ethics evolve over time with respect to the problems that professionals face and with the establishment of ethics there is a promotion of confidence in the profession. In its Code of Ethics the American College of Nurse-Midwives it is states that â€Å"midwives support and maintain the integrity of the profession of midwifery and thus contribute to a profession worthy of being considered by society as a public good† (Midwife). Ethics can also help to solve any price stated ethical or moral dilemma that one might face (Husted and Husted, 2008). As a professional in the field of midwifery there have been moments where there is a certain ethical/legal situation that one comes across and does not know how to deal with (Frith and Draper, 2004). At times patients divulge certain facts about their lives and health that, they wish others not to know and expect that they be kept a secret from others. Such facts may well be of such a nature that it becomes di fficult not to discuss them with others for the fear of the safety of the patient. A situation similar to what I was confronted with when a 28 year old Russian woman in her twelfth week of pregnancy came for her booking appointment. A registered midwife was supervising the booking which I was doing at that particular time. was Once the booking had begun the midwife told me that she had to step out of the room for some time and told me to carry on with my work. Once the midwife had left the room the woman who had come in started to disclose to me that she was a victim of domestic abuse at the hands of the man who was now her ex. The woman had told me this information in confidence and requested that I keep it as such and not tell anyone else what she had told me, especially not the midwife. She even requested that I not make a note of it anywhere in the documents. I tried to make her understand that though I would keep the conversation between us a secret, I still needed to inform my superior of the facts upon which she begged me not to. I was in the process of asking her questions about whether she felt safe when the midwife returned to the room and the conversation ceased and I resumed the booking. During the time the woman remained in the room I said nothing to the midwife about the disclosure of domestic violence that the woman had made. Once the woman took her leave I told the midwife what the woman had told me upon which she said to leave the matter the way it was for now. I had concerns about the situation the woman was in and it seemed to me that there should have been a referral and support given to her. I was trying to support the woman into getting herself some support and perhaps break free from the violence that she was in. by telling my supervising midwife I was hoping that something would be done to help the situation the young woman was living in or she would be shown other routes that would help her cause. Nothing was done for her who made it d ifficult for me as I had thought otherwise. It is not clear what the consequences of the decision to sit by and do nothing were that day but they may not have been well received.  

Samyika Shakur Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Samyika Shakur - Essay Example Juvenile court system emphasise on the corrective measures of the juvenile criminals rather than the punishment. The history of Sanaika Shakur is a better example to analyse the effectiveness of juvenile court system. â€Å"The juvenile criminal justice system operates according to the premise that youth are fundamentally different than adults, both in terms of level of responsibility and potential for rehabilitation. The treatment and successful reintegration of youth into society are the primary goals of the juvenile justice system, along with overall public safety† (Juvenile Law) The story of Sanyika Shakur is well matched for analyzing effectiveness of juvenile court system. He has started his criminal activities at the age of 13. He has been imprisoned and claimed that he has changed his character and criminal behavior after a prolonged stay in the prison. The police and the court were believed that the corrective measures taken in the prison were successful and released him on parole. He has written an autobiography also which explains how he has started his criminal behavior and the factors which affect him to engage in criminal activities. All these tactics were just to convince th e court in order to get parole. But even on parole, he has committed serious crimes which forced the police to arrest him again and again. The effectiveness of juvenile court system has been questioned by many citing the example of Sanyika Shakur. Many people believe that there are people who are born criminals like Sanyika Shakur. For them, the current juvenile justice system is not effective. The main objective of the juvenile justice system is to prevent the future illegal activities from the juveniles and for that purpose most of the punishments for juvenile crimes were limited to sending the juveniles to the juvenile homes where lessons for becoming good citizens of a country will be transferred to the children under the strict guidance of the coaching

Strengths And Weaknesses Of Neighbourhoods Young People Essay

Strengths And Weaknesses Of Neighbourhoods Young People Essay The phrase neighbourhood renewal/regeneration relates to a series of programmes in place to ascertain local needs and develop ways to deal with poverty and deprivation in the United Kingdom which are known as Super Output Areas (SOAs).   Local area based initiatives have been a universal approach to the problems that deprived neighbourhoods have endured in Britain since the 1960s. The majority of programmes at that time were very short term and tended to focus on single issues. In the late 1980s an integrated approach was tried. (Imrie and Raco, 2003). Initiatives started to increase in the 1990s and as a result of this, the number of the governance of neighbourhood regeneration came to be characterised by a series of interlinked and spatially overlapping partnerships (Imrie and Raco, 2003: 85). Labour introduced the neighbourhood renewal strategy plan in 2001, this was a new approach to tackle social exclusion and poverty in the most poorest neighbourhoods in UK. Tony Blair talked about the purpose of The Neighbourhood Renewal Strategy in his speech to the nation: where no-one is seriously disadvantaged by where they live, where power, wealth and opportunity are in the hands of the many not the few. This action plan is a crucial step in creating one nation, not separated by class, race or where people live   the purpose of the strategy was to narrow the gap between outcomes in deprived areas and the rest (Social Exclusion Unit, 2001:1)    The main aims of local based anti-poverty and community development programmes are to tackle the issue of social exclusion in the more deprived areas of the country. In relation to British social policy, the term social exclusion is relatively new. The government has described social exclusion as a shorthand term for what can happen when people or areas suffer from a combination of linked problems such as unemployment, poor skills, low incomes, poor housing, high crime, bad health and family breakdown. (www.socialexclusion.gov.uk). There are many different explanations for social exclusion, and many different factors which add to social exclusion, by examining the different factors programmes can be developed in order to address the problems and try to promote a more cohesive community. The individual can contribute to social exclusion by the nature of their race, gender, culture, beliefs, disability etc. Lack of resources Lack of opportunities to work Learning opportunities Health issues Decent housing Disruption of family life. Living in disadvantaged neighbourhoods (Haralambos and Holbron, 2004:253) Anti-poverty and community development programmes are targeting these areas with improvements in social housing, re-developing existing social housing, increasing education opportunities (such as access to education and grant schemes for students), making health care more available, targeting the younger generation to educate on matters that will effect their future, raising the profile of neighbourhoods. One of the projects I am more familiar with is the Sure Start programme (now known as Childrens Centres) and I am going to discuss the strengths and weakness of the centres. Governments Policies In 2003, the Government published a green paper called Every Child Matters. This was published alongside the report into the death of Victoria Climbie. The Green Paper prompted discussions about current services for children, young people and families. There was a wide consultation with staff that worked in childrens services, and with parents, children and young people. Following the consultation, the Government published Every Child Matters: the Next Steps, and passed the Children Act 2004. The Act provides a legislative spine for the wider strategy for improving childrens lives. This covers the universal services which every child accesses, and more targeted services for those with additional needs Department of Education and Skills, Children Act 2004. http://www.dfes.gov.uk/publications/childrenactreport Indeed, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Gordon Brown MP, speaking about child poverty at the Sure Start Conference on 7 July 1999, acknowledges that poverty is a many-sided problem which requires many-sided solutions: First, we must tackle child poverty at its source the absence of work, in work poverty and providing increased financial support for families to tackle child poverty, so that by our actions we lift a million and more children out of poverty. Second, what I want to concentrate on today, because improving public services health visitors, nurseries, playgroups, childcare, learning support in the poorest communities is vital to tackling child poverty, our Sure Start programme will invest in young children in areas of greatest need. Third, we must mobilize not just government, local and national, but voluntary help and community action and in the programmes we are introducing not only in Sure Start but in the New Deal for Communities and our expansion of childcare provision we must mobilize the forces of concern and compassion in new partnerships to tackle child poverty. Fourth, as David Blunkett has said, we must make sure that all our schools are as good as our best. In the old economy it was possible to survive with the old inequalities an education system that advanced only the ambitions of the few. http://www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/633.htm Key achievements: Labour has undertaken the biggest expansion in early years education since 1945; investing  £21 billion since 1997. Every three and four year old has the right to a free nursery place, which we will extend from 12.5 hours a week to 15 hours by 2010. Since 1997, the number of registered childcare places is up by around 644,000 from a place for one in eight children to one in four children. Delivered nearly 3,000 Sure Start Childrens centres, reaching two million children and their families. Labour has expanded nationally the Bookstart scheme which gives every one and two year old a satchel of books and every three and four year old a treasure chest of books and crayons. http://www.labour.org.uk/early_years Sure Start Sure Start was the Labour Governments programme that aimed to deliver the best start in life for every child. They bring together early education, family support, childcare, health and welfare advice. It aims to develop services in some of the more disadvantaged areas (identified by the multiple of deprivation indices. In Sure Start there is a normally a central office where all the team work together to support children and families in the local areas. The sure start programme was initially a ten year programme but was abolished in favour of childrens Centres. The change from Sure Start has not really been noticed and is still referred to as Sure Start. Amid all the hullabaloo about the governments 10-year childcare strategy, one quite momentous change has gone relatively unnoticed: the governments much-lauded Sure Start programme has been abolished. N. Glass, The Guardian, Wednesday January 5 2005 The Sure Start centres, provided integrated services including health services and family support services, as well as childcare. The different services that children centres provide for children and families contribute to the Every Child Matters outcomes. Local authorities lead in planning and implementing centres. Some of the services I have seen implemented at RoseHill include, support that has been individually tailored to meet the families and their childrens needs such as, parenting assessment, working with families in the home or at the centre based on a one to one basis, providing parenting courses that aim to improve parental skills so improve the life and chances for children. There are also family workers at the centre that deal with over 11s and their families and carers, this service aims to work through problems the family may have and keep the children at their homes with their parents. One big issue the centre faces in relation to families is that of extended families and the centre provides a much needed support framework and advice for children and families that are going through divorce and separation issues, given the families a safe environment to discuss issues and problems. Along side this are the other services normally associated with a Children Centre, education courses , healthy eating, reading and writing support, I.T. help, employment help such as C.V. writing and interview techniques, and childcare support. Some of the members include:   Education advisers Activities Volunteer co-coordinators Midwives Crà ¨che Workers Health Visitors Play workers Speech and language therapist Child care advisors Family Support (Social Services PEEP Workers IT Trainers One of the most important facts that impacted on the programme was that the Sure Start programme was not allowed to run its full ten years span, and little or no follow-up evidence was available for analysis, before expansion. With principal responsibility for Sure Start alongside my DfES colleagues, I had to argue against its immediate expansion on the grounds that it would be better to accumulate some experience of running it first. (By the October 1999, when I first discussed the scheme with the chancellor there were only two local projects actually running). My arguments did not win the day and in July 2000 the programme was extended to 550 local projects. Norman Glass Society Guardian, 2005:1 The Sure Start programme was very generously funded and when the programme was agreed to be spread around a further 3,500 centres, the money had to come from somewhere. This meant that the generous funding had to be more evenly distributed. This has meant that the centres had very limited funding and cuts had to be made. Although the Sure Start programme did not continue for the full planned ten year term and lost most of the generous funding, many of the good practice is carried out in the Children Centres that followed the Sure Start initiatives one of which is PEEP. PEEP is an early learning intervention, which aims to contribute towards improving the life chances of children, particularly in disadvantaged areas.  It concentrates on supporting parents/carers to develop three particular aspects of learning with their children: literacy and numeracy self-esteem learning dispositions The PEEP Learning Together programme  focuses on how to make the most of the learning opportunities in everyday life at home listening, talking, playing, singing, sharing books and having fun!  PEEP supports parents and carers  in their role as the first educators of their children. It works with adults about their childrens very early learning. http://www.peep.org.uk/section.asp?id=5 Another flaw of the Sure Start centres was that although Sure Start centres were based in deprived areas not all deprived children lived in these neighbourhoods. Because not all disadvantaged children live in deprived areas each small sure start programme could serve only a minority of disadvantaged children: those from adjacent areas could not could not participate and local authorities and health agencies were faced with relatively well-financed early years programmes in one part of their domain and much less well provided areas next door. This was very difficult to handle. Norman Glass Society Guardian, 2005:1 We know that children who grow up in poor families are less likely to reach their full potential, less likely to stay on at school, or even attend school, more likely to fall into the dead end of unemployment and poverty as an adult, more likely to become unmarried teenage mothers, more likely to be in the worst jobs or no jobs at all, more likely to be trapped in a no win situation poor when young, unemployed when older. http://www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/633.htm Another weakness of the centres is that it involves trying to motivate and empower the local community to identify their needs and participate in the management side of the day to day running. This requires community workers who have good community and social skills to encourage local community members to actively take part. The concerns were that after the ten years were up that the community centres would not have been taken on by the local members and the centres would eventually be closed down. The Childrens Centre at Rosehill was formerly a Sure Start Centre and the differences are striking. The centre has lost a vast amount of staff members and the funding has been cut considerably. The workers continue to provide opportunities for the local parents and children so the principles of Sure Start are being maintained. Some of the local projects are working well such as the Reclaim your garden for food, Further education for parents, IT sessions, and one particular programme that I am involved with is Without Walls. Without Walls aims to network within the community to bring people together and try out new activities. It aims to break down barriers between people by organising little trips and coffee mornings with a view to a residential trip in the near future. The strengths of this project are that it encourages members of the community to mix with different groups within the community and to form a bond between them. Encouraging and empowering people to try different activ ities in a comfortable and safe environment. The only draw back is that Community Development takes time, patience and enthusiasm. Disadvantaged communities have to be persuaded to participate and their natural suspicious leads them to hang back until there is something to show. Norman Glass Society Guardian, 2005:1 The childrens centre network is still being expanded, and there will be up to 2,500 childrens centre throughout the country. Centers will be established to provide the most disadvantaged areas with links to local childcare networks and Job centre Plus. The ten-year strategy for childcare recommends that more local area based and to ensure that services are more accessible. The Strengths of Local based and community development programs are: The strengths of these projects are:- Brings diversity to local areas Raises education within the community Builds social capital Promotes a more healthy lifestyle Facilitates more parents to be able to return to work Develops individual social skills Encourages participation of community members Promotes cohesiveness Uses a bottom up approach as opposed to top down Creates Job opportunities Attracts other resources Has local government involvement The Limitations of Local based and community development programs are: It doesnt always reach those that vulnerable and excluded Resources limited opportunities Can cause discrimination over resources Funding limitations Can be difficult to evaluate/target and identify objectives Time consuming Can have funding limitations The project was aimed at parents to enable them to raise their children themselves, this in itself can prove difficult as many different cultures, races and societies have different views on what is considered successful parenting. Some of the more successful local projects seen at Rosehill/Littlemore Childrens Centre have been the parenting courses and Baby G, a group set up specifically to target under 25s with young children and childcare courses. This has brought a diverse group from the community together and is still successfully recruiting members that might not have attended the centre for various reasons. Again outreach work has enabled this to happen. In conclusion, local based area projects are as successful so long as participation is encouraged and that the projects are based on the communities needs. Community workers must continue to empower local residents to take part and in part, own the projects themselves in order for it to be sustainable. The most important part of any project is to reach the more vulnerable members of the local population; this can be achieved by successful outreach work. The success of any local area based projects depends entirely on the community workers personal skills and support from local authorities, along with a good community based knowledge. To be able to continue with all the work at Childrens Centres) I believe the projects need more funding to grow and sustain the important work carried out by these centres. Only with more government funding will they survive and be successful. Bibliographies and Referencing www.socialexclusion.gov.uk, 3rd November 2008 Haralambos and Holborn, 2004, Sociology, Themes and Perspective, Sixth Edition, HarperCollins Publishers Limited. Brown, G., (1999) Speech by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Gordon Brown MP, at the Sure Start Conference, 7 Jul. 1999, London: HM Treasury (online). http://www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/633.htm November 3rd 2008 Glass, N., 2005 Surely some mistake? Society Guardian 5th January, pg1 Glass, N., The Guardian, Wednesday January 5 2005, pg 1 http://www.dfes.gov.uk/publications/childrenactreport 20th October 2008, 10.23am http://www.labour.org.uk/early_years 21st October 2008, 10.39am http://www.peep.org.uk/section.asp?id=5 20th October 2008, 10.13am Imrie, R. and Raco, M. (2003), Urban Renaissance. New Labour, community and urban policy. Bristol, The Policy Press

A Struggle for Power :: Research Papers

A Struggle for Power Women in Western society have been expected to do what men and their husbands ask of them with no questioning of authority; popular twentieth-century depictions of the â€Å"nuclear family† show the bread-winning husband governing what his submissive wife does and does not do. A conflict over marital authority is found in Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† where the narrator is battles the pressures of several authorities which eventually lead to her breakdown. If there is no balance in a marriage and one partner has total authority, then that marriage becomes nothing more than an institution within which the obedient partner is a prisoner. An analysis of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† in the context of Phillip K. Zimbardo’s prison experiment shows the tremendous power that ideologies of obedience and authority have over people, specifically the authority that a man has over his wife, who becomes his prisoner. Many forces control the narrator in â€Å" The Yellow Wallpaper†Ã¢â‚¬â€the most obvious being her husband, John. In the beginning of the story, she goes along with everything her husband tells her—even if she does not agree with it. Because he is a physician, she does not go against his authority. While she may, in fact, feel perfectly fine after writing, she tells herself that she is weary because John has forced the idea into her head. She says, â€Å"I sometimes fancy that in my condition if I had less opposition and more society and stimulus—but John says the very worst thing I can do is to think about my condition, and I confess it always makes me feel bad† (Gilman 577). She respects his authority and complies with his demands. These actions are similar to those of the students in Zimbardo’s prison experiment who were given the roles of prisoners and guards in order that scientists could more fully examine obedience and authority in prisons. Zimbardo tells the reader, â€Å"Act not, want not, feel not and you will not get into trouble in prison-like situations† (371). The narrator’s compliance with her husband’s demands illustrates how she is similar to a prisoner. Zimbardo says, â€Å"The prisoners were forced to obtain permission from the guard for routine and simple activities such as writing letters, smoking a cigarette or even going to the toilet; this elicited from them a childlike dependency† (366). Like these prisoners, Gilman’s narrator feels controlled by her husband and is frustrated by her dependency. She says, â€Å"I get unreasonably angry with John sometimes. I’m sure I never used to be so sensitive†¦But John says if I feel so [angry], I shall neglect proper self-control; so I take pains to control myself—before him, at least† (Gilman

Bright Light Innovations: the Starlight Stove

Opportunity analysis and critical issues hidden in this case As the increasing pace of globalization, more and more companies seek opportunities to involve in the international trade. Expanding the market share and maximize the profits is the purpose of those companies. However, it is unlike the education. Most universities especially public universities are non-profit organization. Their purpose is not to earn enough money; on the contrary, the purpose of universities is to provide training and knowledge for students in order to benefit the society.In return, students pay appropriate fees and government provide monetary support to the university so that university can gain the ability to do the research and develop its hardware and software. In this way, university can have a sustainable development. So university can benefit from seeking opportunities in international expansion. First, students from different countries and cultural background can share their experience. It is a goo d chance for students and universities to participate in international market.Secondly, international universities can share resource with local universities. On the one hand, it can help develop the universities from developing countries; on the other hand, international universities can also gain advanced experience they are lack of. Thirdly, international universities can maximize their influence by cooperating with local government or some research institutions. In this case, Bright Light Innovations aims to opening its market in Nepal. In order to explore this market, the company considers a series of criteria.The first one is the â€Å"total population† and â€Å"population growth†. This factor established the foundation of consumption power. Jianfa Shen points out that the population is one of the factors to affect the market demand (Jianfa Shen, 1998). The more people live in the country, the larger potential market exists. The second one is the â€Å"natural climate†. Climate change determines the consumer’s consumption behavior to some extent (Seljom, 2011). Considering that the temperature of Nepal is very low, the Bright Light Innovation provides stove to local people who are in the need of warm.The third one is the â€Å"living habit of local people†. According to Jaime Alonso-Carrera’s study, â€Å"individual preferences are subject to both habit formation and consumption spillovers† (Jaime Alonso-Carrera, 2004). The case shows that most people in Nepal uses firewood as the main source of the energy. Due to this reason, the products of stoves meet the needs of local people. What’s more, the company also considers â€Å"political policy†. Whether the local government support or against the kind of products is the factor to affect the entering in the international market.The fourth hidden critical issue in this case is the â€Å"infrastructure† in Nepal. Well infrastructure contr ibutes to the potential growth of the company (Weiland, Scott J. 2012). If the company needs to set up a factory in the local place, infrastructure including electric, water, traffic and others should be considered. Finally, â€Å"income† determines the purchasing power in the local market. More income means more potential consumption to some extent. Alternatives and product lunch in foreign marketThe reason why Bright Light selects Nepal as its target market is that the market and the company can benefit from each other. Following factors can be contributed to the access of the products to Nepal. First, the local government can benefit from the company. Bright Light decides to set up a plant in local place; it helps the government solve the problem of employment. More people can be employed as the factory setting up; besides, the company can reduce much cost by setting up a factory in local place. Second, Bright Light helps protect the environment to some extent.As its stove is more efficient than traditional one, people will use less firewood. In this case, the forests can be protected and the environmental problem can be solved. Thirdly, family productivity increased 20 percent or more per day. People can have more free time to do other jobs rather than logging. Fourthly, Bright Lights contributes revenue to the government. The government can gain revenue from the tax. Finally, the stove can produce electric and the generated electric can be widely used in the home or in the school.The new products bring benefits to the government and the local people and the company gain revenues and profits from selling the products to the local people. The relationship between the company and the customers and government seems very important. Without permission, the company cannot enter this new market. In regard of the government (Nepal) that will not provide permission to try the new product, the company can consider other ways to enter this market. The Bright L ight can follow other companies which have been in Nepal and familiar with the local policy and culture.In this way, the Bright Light can build a partnership with that company; besides, the Bright Light also need to know the export or import policy of the Nepal so that it can fits the regulation by doing some changes. These two ways help the company meet the requirement of the government and have the right to enter the new market. Product promotion and advertising recommendations In rural areas, adult literacy rate is low in developing countries. A study shows that high literacy rate has significant positive effect on foreign direct investment inflow (CHEE-KEONG CHOONG, 2010).People in this area don’t know the words. So they don’t know the brand and the instructions of the products. It will lead to the low brand loyalty and cause a series of problems of products recognition. Some people may don’t understand how to use it and some people may don’t know how to solve the problems when something wrong with the stove. In other words, it directly affects the marketing strategy plan of the company. Schmitt, Natalie M. points out that the advertisement of the brand or label should be easy to recognize for customers so that it helps build up the brand-loyalty (Schmitt, Natalie M. 007). Following ways with advertisement can solve the problem. Focusing on verbal and audio can be a way of advertisements. In this way, people can better understand how the products functions and gradually set up the brand-loyalty to the products; besides, newspapers and videos also an efficient measure to send information to final customers. The usage and instruction of the products can be advertised on the newspaper in the form of pictures so that local people can easily understand. Other forms of advertising may also function well.The Bright Light can exhibit its products on the local trade fair or other expos. In this way, people can not only know the products, but also can try the new products. Although the goal of the company is to maximize its profits, it should devote itself in the social charity. It is not only a kind of social responsibility, but also is a kind of advertisement. The report of such philanthropy is an efficient way to improve the image of the company and it helps to build up a brand-loyalty to customers. Furthermore, becoming the sponsor of special event is another way to make a promotion.Special event always attract large number of audience and media. In this situation, it can be advertised on the display boards. It is a useful way to expanded publicity. Pricing strategy and competitive situation analysis In order to price the product, Bright Light should consider the costs and profits when selling to the customers. As customer feel that the product is worth of the money, then the product or the brand will impress the customers. The cost of a stove manufactured is $60. The company decides to sell the stove at $80 but worries about the margin profits.If the company set the price at higher level, fewer consumers are willing to buy. Customers may choose substitute instead of the new product (stove). In this way, the Bright Light may lose the market share; however, sometimes consumers are willing to afford the high price because of the special features added to the product. Draganska illustrates his point in his study that customer are willing to pay the comparatively high price when the product has special characteristics and satisfy the consumer’s preference (Draganska, 2006). The new stove has such feature that it can generate electric as well as heat.In consider of the purchasing power of Nepal, the company decides to find a micro financing organization to provide loan for local people who are willing to purchase the stove. It is a way not only help the poor people afford the stove, but also stimulates the consumption on stoves. Pricing strategy should also put the competitive situation into consideration such as the â€Å"threat a price war†, â€Å"channel conflict†, or â€Å"legal or ethical considerations†. If Bright Light set its price for the stove, other competitors may follow tis price and even set the lower price to compete with Bright Light.In this situation, Bright Light may lose its customers. Direct competitors also can imitate the products designed by Bright Light; however, if Bright Light has better quality with cheaper price, the product can be competitive. Because the target market could be low-income family, low price strategy and loan strategy can meet their requirements. Substitute products of the starlight stove from other competitors should also be considered to the pricing strategy. It is a kind of indirect competition. Substitutes can quickly dominate the low income market share; however, Starlight stove has its core competence.The new product (stove) is more efficient and it needs less firewood, what the most important i s that it can generate electric. Core competition plays a significant role in improving the barriers for other competitors and R&D capability is regarded as the most important source for core competence. Due to this reason, it is obvious that the company makes innovation on the new product and the starlight stove is a competitive product. The company needs to pay attention on constantly innovation to make sure the company stays ahead of potential rivals (Yu-fen Chen, 2007).In order to keep its core competence, the company needs to apply for the patent from the Nepal government so that the company can raise barriers to imitation. In general, by analyzing the strength and weakness of the competitors and figuring out the opportunities and threats of its own, the starlight stove can be outstanding with competitive price and accepted by the local people. References Chee-Keong Choong and Siew-Yong Lam. (2010). The Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Malaysia: A Revisit. Global Ec onomic Review, 39(2), 175-195. Draganska and Michaela. (2006).Consumer Preferences and Product-Line Pricing Strategies: An Empirical Analysis. Marketing Science, 25(2), 164-174. Jaime Alonso-Carrera. , Jordi Caballe and Xavier Raurich. (2004). Consumption Externalities, Habit Formation and Equilibrium Efficiency. The Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 106(2), 231-251. Jianfa Shen. (1998). China's Future Population and Development Challenges. The Geographical Journal, 164(1), 32-40. Marywood U. , and Weiland, Scott J. (2012). An examination of the relationship among perceived infrastructure, perceived business climate, perceived workforce, and business growth in Northeastern Pennsylvania.Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences, 72(7), 2489. Pernille and Seljom. (2011). Modelling the effects of climate change on the energy system–A case study of Norway. Energy Policy, 39(11), 7310-7321. Schmitt, Natalie M. (2007). Consumers' freedom of cho ice–Advertising aimed at children, product placement, and food labeling. Journal of Public Health, 15(1), 57-62. Yu-fen Chen. (2007). An empirical analysis of core competence for high-tech firms and traditional manufacturers. Journal of Management Development, 26(2), 159-168.

Concept Usage And Professional Practice Model - 805 Words

Concept Usage and Professional Practice Model I work at the Marshfield Clinic Ambulatory Surgical Center. My department is one of many at the Marshfield Clinic. The purpose of this paper is to analysis the professional practice model used at the Marshfield clinic. Prior to doing this research I was not aware that there was a nursing practice model being emphasized. I will analyze our model, organizational definition, values and mission and modify them in a way that makes this model of practice clearly defined. The Marshfield clinic provides an organizational definition. The Marshfield clinic care team work hard to become your health care choice. This is achieved through affordable, valuable health care diminishing the weight of illness, and disability of your family and the community. (Marshfield Clinic, 2015). According to the Marshfield clinic (2015), â€Å"The mission of Marshfield clinic is to serve patients through accessible, high quality health care, research and education† (para 1.) The vision statement of the Marshfield clinic reflects this mission. According to the Marshfield clinic (2015), â€Å"Marshfield clinic will be the trusted and preferred system for quality health care that is evidence based, integrated and cost-effective. We will improve the health of the patients and communities we serve† (para. 2). The Marshfield clinics professional practice model is the patient-centered care delivery model (Marshfield Clinic, 2015). For this paper I will focus on a singleShow MoreRelatedThe Philosophy Of Azure College A Nursing Institution1159 Words   |  5 PagesConcept Usage in a Professional Practice Model Nursing career is one of the most respectful professions not only in the United States but also around the world. The remarkable aspect that makes nursing in such position is the evolution of the nursing theorists, the nursing theories, and the nursing philosophy. Among of these three, the nursing philosophy is the one that really identifies the nursing mission, and the fundamental evidence-based practice of nursing. In this case, many health organizationsRead MoreLearning in a Culture of Change Essay1010 Words   |  5 PagesThe school curriculum models should have essential components, which must be in place to guide instruction. With accountability looming and additional demands, such as concurrent curriculum development and curricular innovation, the design can create great teaching and learning. The one room schoolhouse was easier to decide what to teach. According to Thorndike (1910), educational aims are clearer using psychology ideas such as culture or discipline, knowled ge or skills which contributes a betterRead MoreLateral Violence As A Non Physical Act1368 Words   |  6 Pagesextend exterior to the place of work and can be perpetrated individually or in cyberspace. Within the nursing community, lateral violence is described as aggression behaviors amongst nurses. The most common forms of lateral violence in the nursing practice include: undermining actions, withholding information, interference, backbiting, incrimination, backstabbing, broken confidences, and failure to respect the privacy of another person. Workplace conflict leads to adverse impacts on registered nursesRead MoreEssay Codependency should be a Medical Diagnosis803 Words   |  4 Pagesconsequences for the practice of psychotherapy. On one hand, the popular usage of the term has been helpful in raising public awareness regarding the complex interrelationships that transpire within American families. On the other hand, widespread usage of the term has resulted in misunderstandi ng and misuse of the concept by the general public, as well as some imprecision in its usage by mental health professional† (Ponzetti, 2003). Often because codependency is hard to diagnose, professional counselors lookRead MoreConcept Analysis Of Satisfaction For Breast Cancer Patients1608 Words   |  7 PagesConcept Analysis of Satisfaction in Breast Cancer Patients Patient satisfaction is a necessary aspect to gauge the value of care that is provided by hospitals, clinical settings, and inpatient and outpatient facilities. These types of facilities attempt to maintain a high level of satisfaction in order to remain a contender amongst similar facilities in the healthcare marketplace. The quality of care that is provided by nursing professionals tends to be a major contributing factor in patient satisfactionRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effect On Society1252 Words   |  6 Pagesnetworking is an act of engagement as people with common interests associate together and build relationships through community (Edosomwan, 2011). Social Media can be viewed as a medium to get a conversation to reach a larger audience by utilizing a concept called long tail. Long tail means conversations that can be conveyed in different forums (2011). Social Media does not have the limitations of traditional forms or communication such as meetings, phone calls, or e mails. Use of Social Media websitesRead MoreThe Information Assessment Method1038 Words   |  4 PagesMany clinically relevant research studies are published daily; thus, it is difficult for physicians and pharmacists (indeed all healthcare professionals) to find the time to absorb this new knowledge. Electronic knowledge resources, specifically the pre-appraised evidence resources, can help family physicians in two ways. These resources provide clinical information to answer clinical questions at the point of care (Pull Technology) (e.g. Up-To-Date and Essential Evidence Plus), and they raise awarenessRead MoreNovice Nurses Should Be Revived1396 Words   |  6 Pagesfully based on valid information without any external manipulation. Internal promise: Novice nurses should be revived in such a manner that they ambiance personally accountable for the admirable choices they make. Assumptions Concurring to this model, I want to share some information: Facilitator and newcomer nurses need to change their thoughts and feelings so they can create conversation that is more productive and creates less defensiveness to act with reliability in a given environmentRead More Social Constructivism Essay1103 Words   |  5 PagesTeacher training and input in their personal view points on technology integration professional learning experiences are essential for constructive changes (So Kim, 2009). Teacher training and point of views through the social constructivism (SC) theory can create opportunities to provide hands-on learning and enables students to access electronic books, study, review, research or explore through SC concept (Zucker King, 2009). Ryu, Parsons, Li, Sheng Javed (2009) found that the antidoteRead MorePurnell Model: a View on Asian Indian Culture Values. Essay1246 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract In this paper I will be identifying beliefs and values common to my family of origin. I will be using Purnells Model of cultural competency and will explain the major assumptions of the model in relevance to my culture. The purpose of this paper is to provide the reader with a quick overview of the Asian Indian culture. One must be aware of their own culture and the culture of others in order to offer competent and culturally sensitive care and understand how their cultural beliefs may

Technical analysis of Jeera - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2632 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Economics Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? CHAPTER 8 TECHNICAL ANALYSIS OF JEERA 8.1 INTRODUCTION Jeera or cumin seed is a dark coloured, oblong shaped and sharp flavoured aromatic spice. It is dried fruit of an annual, thin-stemmed cumin plant, scientifically known as Cuminum cyminum, belonging to the parsley family. It is an annual herbaceous plant. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Technical analysis of Jeera" essay for you Create order The plant has a height of 30-50cms. The plant has white to red coloured flowers which produce the fruits for the plant. These fruits are consumed as a flavouring agent in whole or grounded form all over the world. The seeds come as paired or separate carpels and are 3-6mm long. They have a striped pattern of nine ridges and oil canals. They are oblong-shaped, brownish in colour, hairy, tapering at each extremity, with tiny stalks attached. They resemble caraway seeds. However, they are lighter in colour and have minute bristles which are hardly visible to the naked eye. They are available dried, or ground to a brownish-green powder. The cumin seeds are nutty, pungent, slightly bitter and hot. Jeera has been used since historic times dating back to 200 BC. It was originally grown in Egypt, India, Iran and the Mediterranean region. Jeera has significant demand as a spice all around the globe, especially in the countries where spicy food is preferred. It is an essential component of the recipes in various cultures. Next to pepper, Jeera is considered to be the most important spice in the world. For heightened aroma, the whole seeds are roasted for a couple of minutes in a dry skillet or toaster oven before grinding. Jeera in grounded form forms part of various spicy mixtures, the most important being à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Garam masalaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (extensively used throughout South Asia), which are again used to add pungency to dishes and cuisines. It is used in chilli and curry powder blends, fish, lamb, pickling, sausages; Middle Eastern, Asian and Mediterranean recipes. Jeera is also known for its medicinal characteristics and hence, it is used in many Herbal and Ayurvedic medicines. Jeera is antispasmodic, astringent, carminative, diuretic, emmenagogic, stimulant and stomachic. It is useful in diarrhoea, dyspepsia and hoarseness, and may relieve colic and flatulence. In the West, it is mainly used in veterinary medicine, as a carminative, but it remains a traditional herbal remedy in the East. It is supposed to increase lactation and reduce nausea in pregnancy. Used in a poultice, it relieves swelling of the breasts or the testicles. Smoke in a pipe with ghee, it is taken to relieve the hiccups. Jeera also stimulates the appetite. 8.2 JEERA CULTIVATION Jeera plant basically thrives in a hot, tropical or semi-tropical climate, but can also be cultivated in the cooler regions in a green house. Jeera crop can be produced on almost all soil types but the best soil for this crop, is a well-drained, fertile sandy soil. Jeera plant has a good tap root system that makes it a drought resistant plant. Temperature range of about 25-30 ºC is best for its growth. It requires minimum of 3 to 4 months of duration period after which it is harvested. Jeera is grown from seeds and is vulnerable to frost damage at flowering and early seed formation stages. To safeguard from frost damage, measures such as spray of sulphur dust and sulphu ric acid (0.1%), creating early morning smoke cover, irrigating crop before frost and setting up of windbreaks are used. About 5-6 kg per acre of seeds is required for optimal production. The plant is also susceptible to pest attacks and requires proper use of pesticides for seeds to grow well. In India, the Jeera plant is grown as a rabi crop, i.e., it is sown in the winters in the months of October to December and is harvested in the months of February, March and April. In other Jeera cultivating countries in the Middle East, the crop is planted in the months of late November to January and is harvested in the months of June and July. The plant becomes mature and ready to harvest when it turns yellowish brown. After the crop gets harvested, the cumin seeds are cleaned up through the winnowing process. 8.3 JEERA CYCLE Months Nov-Dec Jan-Feb Mar-Apr May Arrivals Sowing Growth Peak Arrivals Lean Arrivals 8.4 JEERA PRODUCTION Jeera is cultivated in the regions in North Africa, southern parts of the North American continent and Southern Asia. The major Jeera producing countries are India, Turkey, Syria, China, United States of America, Iran, Indonesia, Sudan, Egypt, Morocco, Algeria and Libya. India being the world leader in the context of spice production, it is also the largest producer of Jeera in the world. The country produces 80% of the world production and consumes 90% of its own production. The other major producers are Syria 7%, Turkey and Iran 6% each and other countries remaining 11%. India is the major producer also possesses the maximum area in the cultivation of the spice. Though Syria, Turkey and Iran have a much lesser level of production as compared to India, but these countries have a significant influence in the determination of world Jeera prices, as they export most of their production, while in India, most of the production is consumed in the country itse lf. 8.4.1 Production of Jeera in India Gujarat is the largest Jeera producing state in the country. It contributes around 70% of the countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s production and also has the maximum area under Jeera cultivation i.e. around 4 5 lakh hectares. Rajasthan is the second largest cumin seed producer in India. Rajasthan and Gujarat contribute to approximately 99% of the production in the country. Jeera consumption has been almost consistent in the country for past few years. The major districts that are indulged in the production of this crop are Ajmer, Barmer, Bhilwara, Bikaner, Jaisalmer, Jalore, Jodhpur, Nagaur, Pali, Sikar, Sirohi and Tonk in Rajasthan; Amreli, Banaskantha, Bhavnagar, Jamnagar, Junagarh, Fig 8.1 shows the Jeera producing states of India with their percentage share. Fig 8.1: Jeera Producing States in India with their percentage share Table 8.1 shows the annual acreage, production and per acre yield of Jeera in India Table 8.1: Acre age, Production Per Acre Yield of Jeera Year Area (à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢000 hectares) Production (à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢000 tons) Yield (Kg/hectare) 2000-01 315.78 139.36 441 2001-02 526.63 206.41 392 2002-03 521.25 134.75 259 2003-04 413.03 215.38 522 2004-05 367.68 176.07 479 2005-06 403.03 199.85 496 2006-07 408.65 185.00 453 2007-08 477.94 264.86 554 2008-09 527.13 283.00 537 2009-10 517.13 303.94 588 2010-11 625.08 403.74 646 2011-12 842.56 461.16 547 2012-13 593.98 394.33 664 Source: Spice Board Mehsana, Patan, Sabarkantha, Rajkot and Surendranagar in Gujarat; Mandsaur and Nimach in Madhya Pradesh. Indiaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s production sums up to 2 4 lakh tons of Jeera per year which makes it the leading producer in the world. The country also has the largest area allotted towards Jeera production i.e. around 5 6 lakh hectares. The level of production and the total area under Jeera cultivation has significantly increased during the last few years. 8.5 JEERA MARKETS CONSUMPTION India is the largest consumer of Jeera in the world. The major trading centres or à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"mandisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ of Jeera in India are Rajkot and Unjha in Gujarat; Bhawani Mandi, Jaipur, Jhalarapatan, Jodhpur, Kekri, Kota, Nagaur, Nimbahera, Niwai, Pali, Pratapgarh, Ramganj Mandi and Rani in Rajasthan; and Delhi. The domestic consumption demand of the spice in the country is around 2 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 2.5 lakh tons and the rest of the production is used for export purposes. The by-products of cumin seeds like oleoresins of cumin seeds and cumin oil are also exported from India. Most of the demand for cumin seeds comes from the food and food processing industry and the worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s total demand except Indiaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s demand sum up to a mere 50 thousand tons. The major Jeera consuming countries of the world include India, Mexico, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, China, Japan, Netherlands, France and Morocco. Fig 8.2 depicts the Jeera importing countries along with their % share. The world market structure regarding Jeera is very much concentrated as bulk of the production is performed by a fewer countries and only those countries are able to export this spice to the rest of the world. The major cumin seed exporting countries are India, Turkey and Iran. India was the primary exporter of cumin seeds and cumin oil in the world since few years but comparatively new entrants in the market like Turkey and Iran are providing sti ff competition to now. These countries are able to provide the spice at much cheaper prices than India and hence are gaining advantage over it. Most of the cumin seeds are exported to the countries that do not produce Jeera themselves and make huge markets for the spice. Fig 8.2: Jeera Importing Countries with percentage share These countries are United States of America, Sri Lanka, United Kingdom, Netherlands, Japan, Brazil and Singapore. Table 8.2 shows the annual export quantity and value of Jeera to various countries. Table 8.2: Export Quantity Value of Jeera Year Export Quantity (in MT) Export Value (in Rs. Crore) 2007-08 28000 291.50 2008-09 52550 544.00 2009-10 49750 548.25 2010-11 32500 395.98 2011-12 45500 644.40 2012-13 79900 1093.8 Source: Spice Board 8.6 USES OF JEERA Jeera has high nutritive value as it contains fat, carbohydrates, proteins, fibre vitamins and essential minerals. Jeera is used as a spice for its distinctive flavour and aroma. It is an essential ingredient in most cuisines in South Asia, Latin America and Northern Africa. Jeera is known to possess anti-diabetic, anti-epileptic, anti-fungal, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor and Immunologic properties. Jeera is used for medicinal purposes in Ayurvedic medicines in India. The dried Jeera seeds are used in various forms for internal and external usage. Jeera is used for its qualities of enhancing appetite, digestion, lactation, strength, taste perception and vision. It is used for treating diseases like abdominal distension, diarrhea, edema, fever, loss of appetite, puerperal disorders and vomiting. Jeera Water, prepared by boiling cumin seeds in water is beneficial for chronic fever, heart disease, poor digestion, swellings, ta stelessness and vomiting. 8.7 MARKET INFLUENCING FACTORS Seasonal variations Broad range demand Weather fluctuations Structure of the market Flow of information 8.6 CONTRACT SPECIFICATIONS FOR JEERA FUTURES Table 8.3: NCDEX Contract Specifications for Jeera Futures (Applicable for contracts expiring upto May 2014) Type of Contract Futures Contract Name of Commodity Jeera Ticker symbol JEERAUNJHA Trading System NCDEX Trading System Basis Ex- warehouse Jodhpur, inclusive of Sales Tax/VAT Unit of trading 3 MT Delivery unit 3 MT Maximum Order Size 150 MT Quotation/base value Rs per Quintal Initial Margin 10% Tick size Rs 2.50 Quality Specification Jeera of Indian origin with the following specifications. Jeera to be necessarily machine cleaned Foreign Matter 1.0 % basis Seeds with Stalks 8.0 % max Damaged, Discolored, Shriveled Immature seeds 2.0% basis Insect damaged Matter Should not be more than 0.5% Test Weight (on count basis) Maximum 300 seeds per gram Moisture 9% max *Foreign matter includes anything other than Jeera seeds e.g. sand, silica, pebbles, and other edible/non edible seeds. Quantity Variation +/- 2% Delivery Centre At the accredited warehouse(s) in Unjha (up to the radius of 50 Km from the municipal limits) Additional Delivery Centres At the accredited warehouse(s) in Delhi (within municipal limits), Jaipur and Jodhpur (up to the radius of 50 Km from the municipal limits) with location wise premium/discount as announced by the Exchange prior to launch of contract Trading Hours As per directions of the Forward Markets Commission from time to time currently à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Mondays through Fridays 10:00 a.m. to 05:00 p.m. Saturdays 10.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m. The Exchange may vary the above timing with due notice Delivery Logic Compulsory delivery No. of Active Contracts As per launch calendar Opening of Contracts Trading in any contract month will open on the 1st day of the month. If the 1st day happens to be a non-trading day, contracts would open on the next trading day. Tender Period Tender Date à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"T Tender Period: The tender period shall start on 11th of every month in which the contract is due to expire. In case 11th happens to be a Saturday, a Sunday or a holiday at the Exchange, the tender period would start from the next working day. Pay-in and Pay-out: On a T+2 basis. If the tender date is T, then pay-in and pay-out would happen on T+2 day. If such a T+2 day happens to be a Saturday, a Sunday or a holiday at the Exchange, clearing banks or any of the service providers, pay-in and pay-out would be effected on the next working day. Closing of Contract Clearing and settlement of contracts will commence with the commencement of Tender Period by compulsory delivery of each open position tendered by the seller on T + 2 to the corresponding buyer matched by the process put in place by the Exchange. Upon the expiry of the contract all the outstanding open position shall result in compulsory delivery Due Date/Expiry Date Expiry date of the contract: 20th day of the delivery month. If 20th happens to be a holiday, a Saturday or a Sunday then the due date shall be the immediately preceding trading day of the Exchange, which is other than a Saturday. The settlement of contract would be by a staggered system of Pay-in and Pay-out including the Last Pay- in and Pay-out which would be the Final Settlement of the contract. Delivery Specification Upon expiry of the contracts all the outstanding open positions shall result in compulsory delivery. During the Tender period, if any delivery is tendered by seller, the corresponding buyer having open position and matched as per process put in place by the Exchange, shall be bound to settle by taking delivery on T + 2 day from the delivery centre where the seller has delivered same. The penalty structure for failure to meet delivery obligations will be as per circular no. NCDEX/ TRADING-086/2008/216 dated September 16, 2008. Price Band Daily price fluctuation limit is (+/-) 3%. If the trade hits the prescribed daily price limit there will be a cooling off period for 15 minutes. Trade will be allowed during this cooling off period within the price band. Thereafter, the price band would be raised by (+/-) 1% and trade will be resumed. If the price hits the revised price band (4%) again during the day, trade will only be allowed within the revised price band. No trade/order shall be permitted during the day beyond the revised limit of (+/-) 4%. Position Limits Member: 12000 MT or 15% of Market Open Interest whichever is higher. Client: 2,400 MT The above limits will not apply to bona fide hedgers. For bona fide hedgers, the Exchange will, on a case to case basis, decide the hedge limits. Please refer to Circular No. NCDEX/TRADING-100/2005/219 dated October 20, 2005. For near month contracts: The following limits would be applicable from 1st of every month in which the contract is due to expire. If 1st happens to be a non-trading day, the near month limits would start from the next trading day. Member: Maximum up to 1000 MT or 15% of the market-wide near month open position, whichever is higher. Client: Maximum up to 200 MT Quality Allowance Foreign Matter 1% basis acceptable up to 1.5 % with a discount of 1:1 Damaged, Discolored, Shriveled and Immature seeds 2% basis Acceptable up to 4.5% with discount as under: Above 2% and up to 4% with 1:0.5 discount Above 4% and up to 4.5% with 1:1 discount bove 4.5% rejected Special Margins In case of additional volatility, a special margin at such other percentage, as deemed fit, will be imposed in respect of outstanding positions, which will remain in force as long as the volatility exists, after which the special margin may be relaxed. Final Settlement Price The Final Settlement Price (FSP) shall be arrived at by taking the simple average of the last polled spot prices of the last three trading days viz., E0 (expiry day), E-1 and E-2. In the event of the spot prices for any one of the E-1 and E-2 is not available, the spot price of E-3 would be used for arriving at the average. In case the spot prices are not available for both E-1 and E-2, then the average of E0 and E-3 (two days) would be taken. If all the three daysà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ prices viz., E-1, E-2 and E-3 are not available, then only one dayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s price viz., E0 will be taken as the FSP. Minimum Initial Margin 5%